Cornwall is a city situated in the east of Ontario, Canada. It is the easternmost city of the province and is located on the St. Lawrence River and Highway 401. It is but just around 100 kilometres southeast of Canada’s capital, Ottawa, 100 kilometres southwest Montreal which is the largest city of Quebec and the second most important urban centre of the country and 400 kilometres northeast of Ontario’s capital, Toronto, which is the largest urban centre in the country. It belongs to the seat of the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry, Ontario. On top of this, it is also the urban centre for the surrounding communities with Long Sault and Ingleside lying to its west, the Mohawk Territory of Akwesasne facing its south, St. Andrew’s and Avonmore to its north while Glen Walter, Martintown, Williamstown and Lancaster stand at its east.
The population of the city stands at 45,965 based on 2006 census, which shows an increase of 0.7% from the 2001 census that only shows a recorded population of approximately 45,640. However, this figure is still 3% below the 1996 census’ figure of 47,403. On the other hand, the popular density per square kilometre is 747.1 on a land area of 61.52 square kilometres where the median age of the population is 43.
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For millennia, aboriginal people have been living in Cornwall as well as the surrounding area until today. The first serious non-aboriginal settlement to that area was only established in 1784 following the 1776 American Revolution by disbanded Loyalist soldiers together with their families as well as other United Empire Loyalists who are primarily from New York. They founded and name a settlement on the site New Johnstown, which was formally known as Pointe Maligne.
The place was later renamed Cornwall after the Duke of Cornwall, Prince George and it became one of the first incorporated municipalities in the British colony of Upper Canada in 1834. Along the St. Lawrence River on Cornwall’s west, several smaller communities known as the Lost Villages exited. These were so named because it was infected permanently by flood in 1958 to make way for the massive Moses-Saunders hydroelectric dam.
The city of Cornwall is also host to various festivals and special community events whole year round such as the Canada Day festivities, the Gay pride festival as well as the extremely popular ‘Lift Off’ hot air balloon festival which drew over 50,000 people to the city for its 2006 festival. The city is also home to various local charities and non-profit organizations such as The Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario, Big Brothers Big Sisters of Ontario, Canadian Cancer Society, Salvation Amry, United Way and Canadian Red Cross. All these humanitarian organizations have had their offices set up in Cornwall to serve not only the city but also throughout Canada.
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